Nitro phenylenediamine compositions and method for dyeing animal fibers



United States Patent The present invention relates to new nitro-aromatic compounds and their use in dyeing, particularly for dyeing animal fibres and more especially dyeing live hair.

Many dyestuffs of the type containing an aromatic nucleus having one or more substituted or unsubstituted amino groups and/or a number of nitro groups have been employed for dyeing animal fibres. The conditions which must be satisfied in dyeing live hair, which include dyeing at a temperature which can be withstood by the subject, minimum toxicity, and effective application to grey, white or bleached hair, considerably limit the number of dyes which can be so used.

There have already been described and proposed for such a use nitro aromatic diamines such as, for example nitro-p-phenylenediamines in which the amino group meta to the nitro group, is mono-substituted by a monoor poly-hydroxy-alkyl group. However, compounds of this type in which the substituent on the amino group is a hydroxy methyl radical, have inadequate stability even when the hydroxyl group is esterified with an inorganic acid. The same holds true when the hydroxy-alkyl radical is heavier, for example, hydroxyethyl or hydroxyisopropyl.

Introducing hydroxyl groups in these compounds, as well as esterifying these groups with an inorganic polybasic acid aims at increasing the Water-solubility of the dyes, which are otherwise sparingly soluble.

It is an object of this invention to provide stable nitro phenylene diamine compounds which are particularly suitable for dyeing animal fibres, and more especially live hair, at moderate temperatures. It is a further object to provide compositions containing such compounds.

The nitro, ortho and para-phenylenediamine, in which the nitro group is in a meta position to one of the amino groups, and in which the amino group remote from the nitro is a group which has the general formula in which R R and R each represent an atom of hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from one to 3 atoms of carbon, m represents an integer between 2 and 4 and n is equal to 0 or 1.

According to a further feature of the invention a composition for application to the hair for dyeing same comprises an alkaline solution of a compound as just defined.

According to a still further feature of the invention a method of dyeing animal fibres and more particularly live hair comprises applying thereto an alkaline solution of a compound as just defined.

The following examples will serve to illustrate the invention but are not to be regarded as limiting it in any way:

EXAMPLE 1 I-Amino-Z-Nitro- I-fi-Aminoethylamino-Benzene NHCH;CHzNHg p-Nitrochlorobenzene is first condensed with ethylene 3,049,393 Patented Aug. 14, 1962 diamine. The nitro derivative obtained is reduced to beta aminoethyl p-phenylene diamine which is thereafter acetylated. The triacetyl derivative obtained is nitrated, and then deacetylated in order to obtain the desired com- 5 pound.

The steps of this synthesis are represented below.

01 NH-oHr-cHr-NH,

N0, NO:

(III) NH-C OOH; NH; I)

The method of operation followed and the characteristics of the compounds obtained are as follows:

The Compound II is prepared by the process of I. P. F. Fourneau and Madame Y. de Lestrange (Bull. Soc. Chim. 1947, page 834).

REDUCTION OF THE COMPOUND II TO THE COMPOUND III 300 g. of iron powder are introduced into 1200 ml. of water to which 10 ml. of glacial acetic acid have been added and the mixture is heated to 8590 C. 181 g. (1 mol.) of Compound II are then gradually added, the temperature being maintained at 90 C. while 55 m]. of acetic acid are added in the course of the reduction. The reaction is complete within half an hour. The reaction product is made alkaline with 4 g. of sodium carbonate and filtered hot.

It is unnecessary to isolate Compound III in order to effect the acetylation.

ACE'IYLATION OF THE COMPOUND III TO THE COMPOUND IV Immediately after the filtration, 425 g. of acetic anhydride are added to the filtrate at 90 C. with vigorous stirring and the mixture is heated for 1 hour at 80-90 C. After cooling, 500 g. of crushed ice are added and the mixture is neutralized with 550 ml. of 40% sodium hydroxide solution, care being taken that the temperature does not rise above 7 C. The triacetyl derivative IV is allowed to crystallize, filtered and dried at 65-70 C. It melts at 191 C. and the yield is 94%. After recrystallization, the melting point is 195-l96 C.

Analysis:

Calculated Found Element percent I percent;

NITRATION OF THE COMPOUND IV 84 g. of the Compound IV are dissolved in 500 ml. of concentrated sulphuric acid (66 B.) and the nitration is effected at 15 C. by pouring in a sulphuric nitric acid mixture consisting of 66 g. of nitric acid having a density of 1.38 and 66 g. of concentrated sulphuric acid, the temperature being maintained between 20 and 25C. for 4 hours. The product is poured on to crushed ice and neutralized with 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, care beaing taken that the temperature does not rise above 40 C. The reaction mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is then distilled to drive off the ethyl acetate and the residue is recrystallized from absolute alcohol.

35 g. of the Compound V are thus obtained in the form of lemon-yellow needles melting at 207-208" C.

DEACETYLATION OF THE COMPOUND V The Compound V is refluxed for an hour and a half with 200 ml. of 50% aqueous sulphuric acid. After cooling, 600 ml. of ethyl alcohol are added. The mixture is left overnight in a refrigerator, and the crystals formed are then filtered. The dark-colored viscous residue is warmed, filtered through bone-black and returned into the refrigerator. A further quantity of crystals is recovered. The sulphate of the compound of Formula VI is thus obtained in the form of yellow crystals which decompose at 185 C. The free base is very hygroscopic and it is preferred to use the sulphate.

Dyeing.A 2% aqueous solution of 1-amino-2-nitro- 4-;3-aminoethylamino-benzene sulphate is prepared and made alkaline by adding a base, for example ammonia.

This solution is applied in the cold to live hair or similar fibres, and a beautiful dark violet shade is obtained. The addition of hydrogen peroxide does not shift the shade.

EXAMPLE 2 1-Nitr0-3-Amin0-4-B-Aminoethylamino-Benzene The steps of the synthesis are represented in the fol- 45 lowing:

Condensation.-Into a round flask equipped with a reflux condenser are introduced 150 g. of 97% pure ethylene diamine and 9.5 g. of anhydrous cupric chloride. 0.6 mol. Compound VII is gradually added. The temperature rises to 85 C. and is maintained at this level for half an hour with heating. The solution is then poured into 2 litres of ice-cooled water. The precipitate formed is filtered, dissolved in 2 litres of water, filtered again, pasted with a little water and then filtered again.

After the last filtering, the precipitate is dissolved in 300 ml. of boiling ethyl alcohol and filtered, and 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid is added to the filtrate to form the hydrochloride, which melts at 233235 C. Yield:

While the amine of Formula VIH hydrates readily, the

hydrochloride prepared as indicated above keeps well.

5 It is dissolved in 800 ml. of water, neutralized with 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the precipitated product is filtered and dried in a desiccator for 3 days.

The free amine thus prepared melts at 84-85 C. Yield: 80%.

Controlled reduction.-0.l mol. of the Compound VIII is brought into suspension in 450 ml. of ethyl alcohol containing from 8% to 9% of NH added. Hydrogen sulphide gas is then bubbled therethrough. Dissolution of the Compound VIII is complete within 15 minutes and the solution turns gradually orange, red and dark brown. The stream of gas is bubbled through for 6 hours at a temperature of between 30-40 C. The alcoholic solution is then evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure.

The residue is dissolved in 7% hot aqueous hydrochloric acid. The sulphur which has precipitated is filtered. The hydrochloride is then neutralized with 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The base precipitates upon cooling. On successive recrystallizations from water in the presence of bone-black, red flakes melting at 135136 C. are obtained. Yield: 50%.

The base, Formula IX, is dried in a desiccator.

Dyeing.A 1% solution of the Compound IX is prepared and made weakly alkaline, and this solution is applied in the cold to live hair. A golden shade is obtained, which is brighter than that obtained with nitro-ophenylenediamine.

This compound is prepared by condensing chloroacetamide with nitro-p-phenylene diamine in accordance with the following scheme:

NH; NH-CH:G ONH2 NHz NH:

Line of proceeding-Into a round flask equipped with a mercury-sealed stirrer is introduced 0.8 mol. of nitrop-phenylene diamine. g. of calcium carbonate, 1 litre of hot water and 0.8 mol.+10% of chloroacetamide are added, the carbon dioxide evolved being collected in order to check the progress of the reaction. The reaction mixture is refluxed for 3 /2 hours, and is then filtered hot.

The resulting product is allowed to crystallize and is washed again with water. A compound melting at 183 C. is obtained. Yield: 60%.

After crystallization from water, a violet powder meltmg at 190 C. and pointing to Formula X1 is obtained.

Analysis:

Calculated Found Element percent percent 75 Dyeing.A 1% solution of 1-amino-2-nitro-4-N- 6 acetarnidoaminobenzene is prepared and made weakly Dyeing test.A dyeing test carried out under the same alkaline with ammonia. This solution imparts a red tint conditions as with the preceding composition yielded comto live or dead hair. The shade obtained is not sensitive parable results. oxidizing agents such as for example, hydrogen peroxide. EXAMPLE 6 EXAMPLE 4 5 1-N[(Beta-Diezhylamino-Ethyl) (Methyl)] Nitro-3- 1-N(Bem-Diethylamino-Ei/zyl) Nirr0-3-Diami110- Dmmmo'lflfienzme 1,4-Bcnzene (32H5 CQHS CH -NCH CH2N NIr-oHQoIhN C2Ha -N0: No, l 1 111, NH;

This product is prepared from nitroparaphenylene- Thisfiomposilion is P p m Q YU- diamine, by condensation with the hydrochloride of beta- -L -P by Condfinsatlon W lth hydrochlodiethyl amino-chloro-ethane, in the presence of calcium ride of beta-dlethyl-amino-chlofo'cthane an aqueous carbonate, in an aqueous medium, by refluxi medium in the presence of an excess of calcium carbonate A mixture of 15.3 grams (0.1 mole) of nitroparay reflllXfIlgphenylenediamine, and 10 grams (0.1 mole) of calcium a mlxtllfe 0f grams H1016) 0f y carbonate in 100 cc. of water, is heated to boiling for a diamlno-L4-benlene, 7 grams mole) i d f 35 minutes, 19 grams 0 11 mole) f hydro. cium carbonate and 85 cc. of water, heated to boiling, chloride of beta-diethylamino-chloro-ethane dissolved in there added p y drop, Over a Perlod 0f 35 minutes, 50 of t i dd d d b d a solution of 12.66 grams (0.07 mole) of the hydrochlo- After the carbon dioxide has ceased to be released, it ride of beti1-diethyl-aminoclllofp'ethane in 35 of is filtered and the excess of calcium carbonate is elim- Water, to release the l inated. After cooling, the hydrochloride of 1-N(beta- Aftfir the P dloxlfie 15 P longer g releatsed di h l i nitro-3-diamino Lmbenzene precipl; the mixture is filtered at 1ts boiling temperature to elimt t out i th -for f brownish red crystals. Yield; inate the excess of calcium carbonate. Then, after cool- 7()% ing, the filtrate is alkalized by adding ammonia. The

Thi hydrochloride h remwstalhzed f methanol, liberated base is extracted with ether and isolated in the melts with decomposition at 180182 C. usual manner in the form of Analysis: This base is then transformed into a hydrochloride by passing gaseous hydrochloric acid into the methanol solu- Element Theory Found tion. The precipitated hydrochloride is then filtered and vacuum dried. There is thus obtained a yield of 60% di- 0 49. 91 49.19 19. 45 chlorhydride of l-N[(beta-diethyl-amino-ethyl) (methyl)] 1111:

355- 40 nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene which, when recrystallized n in methanol, melts with decomposition at 162-163" C.

Dyeing tesz.-An aqueous, 1% solution of this com- Analysis:

position brought to pH 7 by the addition of ammonia was applied cold to white living hair and left in contact Element Theory Found therewith for five minutes. The hair was dyed a very deep red violine shade. 46.01 46. 20-45. 18

EXAMPLE 5 111.51 16.64-16.85

1-N(Beta-Dimethylamin0Ethyl) Nitr0-3-Diamin0- 1,4-Benzene Dyeing test.A 2% aqueous solution of this composi- CH3 tion, brought to pH 7 by addition of ammonia, applied cold to white hair and left in contact therewith for NATCHiCHN 15 minutes, dyed the hair an intense violine shade.

EXAMPLE 7 1-N(Beta-Diethylaminc-Ethyl) Nitro-4-Diamin0- LIZ-Benzene NH; o l-I Under the same conditions as for the composition of NIL-OH CH N l-N(beta-diethylamino-ethyl) nitro 3 diamino-1,4-ben- C H zene, by condensation of hydrochloride of beta-dimethyl- 2 5 amino-chloroethane on nitroparaphenylenediamine a yield of 50% chlorhydratc of l-N(beta-dimethylamino-ethyl) r N11 nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene is obtained which, when re- I crystallized with methanol melts with decomposition at N01 205-208 C.

Analysis: Th1s compositlon is prepared by reducing with sodium sulfide in a hydro-alcohol medium (beta-diethylaminoethyl) dinitro-2,4-aniline. The latter product is obtained in a known manner by condensing dinitro 2,4-chlorobenzene with N-N-diethyl-ethylenediamine.

Element Theory Found 2:23 92E332; To a solution of 42.5 grams (0.15 mole) of beta- 2150 diethyl-amino-ethyl-dinitro-Z,4-aniline in 600 cc. in 95% ethyl alcohol at a temperature of there is added, drop by drop, a solution of 21.5 grams (0.385 mole) of sodium sulfide in 600 cc. of ethyl alcohol at 95 and 48 cc. of water over a period of an hour and a half.

The alcohol is evaporated under a vacuum and the sulfide is dissolved in 209 cc. of hydrochloric acid. The solution is filtered and 42.5 cc. of 20% ammonia is added at a temperature below 20 C. The pH of the solution obtained is about 7.

The monochloride precipitates and when recrystallized from alcohol melts with decomposition at 210 C. Yield: 80%.

By dissolving this hydrochloride and alkalizing it with sodium hydroxide in an aqueous solution, the corresponding base may be obtained after cooling, which base when recrystallized from benzene, melts at 62 C.

Analysis:

Calculated at Element CIZHMNO2 Found C. 57. 57. 38-57. 15 H 7. 94 8. 01-7. 87 N 22. 21 21.80-21.85

Dyeing test.-An aqueous solution of 1% hydrochloride of this composition was brought to pH 7 by adding ammonia, and applied cold to grey hair, and after a contact of 15 minutes produced a bright yellow shade.

EXAMPLE 8 1-N( Gamma-Diethylamino-Propyl) N itro-3-D iam ino- 1,4-Benzene This product is prepared from nitroparaphenylenediamine by condensation with gamma-diethyl-aminochloro-propane in an aqueous medium, by refluxing.

A mixture of 11 grams (0.072 mole) of nitroparaphenylene-diamine, 10.75 grams (0.072 mole) of gammadiethyl-amino-chloro-propane, and 80 cc. of water is heated by refluxing for 2 hours.

The mixture is cooled and the nitroparaphenylenediamine which has not reacted is filtered. The filtrate is made alkaline by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and is then extracted with ether.

After conventional treatment an oil is obtained which is transformed into a hydrochloride by passing aqueous hydrochloric acid into a solution of this product in ethanol. There is thus obtained a yield of about 70% of the dichlorhydride of 1-N(gamma-diethyl-aminopropyl) nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene which when recrystallized is absolute ethanol and melts with decomposition at 160 C.

An aqueous 1% solution of the hydrochloride of said composition, brought to pH 7 by adding ammonia, is applied cold to white hair and left in contact therewith for 15 minutes and produces a violine red shade.

EXAMPLE 9 1-N[ (Befa-Diethylaminoethyl) (Ethyl) N itr0-3 Diamin0-1,4-Benzene I lH:

This product is prepared from 1-N(ethyl) nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene by condensation with beta-diethylamino-chloro-ethane.

In a mixture of 9.05 grams (0.05 mole) of 1-N(ethyl) nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene, 4 grams (0.04 mole) of calcium carbonate and cc. of water, there is added, as it boils, 13.32 grams (0.077 mole) of beta-diethylaminochloro-ethane in 35 cc. of water (duration of addition: 2 hours).

The mixture is cooled and extracted with methylisobutyl-ketone to remove any 1-N(ethyl) nitro-3-diamino- 1,4-benzene which has not been transformed. The mother liquors are then alkalized by using 40% sodium hydroxide. Extraction by ether follows, and after conventional treatment a violet oil is obtained. This product when purified by passing its methyl alcohol solution over alumina, always yields an oil after evaporation of the methyl alcoethyl) (ethyl)] nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene, adjusted to a pH of 7, is applied cold to white hair and allowed to remain in contact therewith for a period of 15 minutes and produces a rose-beige tint.

This application is a continuation in part of application Serial No. 624,227, filed November 26, 1956, now abandoned.

What is claimed is:

1. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of a nitro phenylenediamine compound selected from the group consisting of 2-nitro- 1,4-phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine in which the amino group furthest from the nitro group is a group having the formula in which R R and R each represent a substance selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and alkyl radicals from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m represents an integer from 2 to 4 and n is equal to 0 or 1.

2. A method of dyeing animal fibres which consists in applying thereto an alkaline solution of a nitro phenylenediamine compound selected from the group consisting of 2-nitro-1,4-phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine in which the amino group furthest from the nitro group is a group having the formula in which R R and R each represent a substance selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and alkyl radicals from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m represents an integer from 2 to 4, and n is equal to 0 or 1.

3. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of 1-amino-2-nitro-4-( o-aminoethyl) amino benzene.

4. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of 1-nitr0-3-amino-4-(fi-aminoethyl) amino benzene.

5. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of l-amino-2-nitro-4-(N-acetamido)-amino benzene.

6. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of 1-N (beta-diethylaminoethyl) nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene.

7. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of 1-N(beta-dimethylaminoethyl) nitro-3-diamino-1,4-benzene.

8. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of 1-N[(beta-diethylaminoethyl) (methyl)] nitro-S-diamino-1,4-benzene.

9. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which comprises an alkaline solution of l-N(beta-diethylaminoethyl) nitro-4-cliamino-1,2-benzene.

10. A composition for dyeing animal fibres which com- References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,932,901 Lehmann Oct. 31, 1933 2,618,657 Vaughn Nov. 18, 1952 2,750,326 Eckardt r June 12, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,051,605 France Ian. 18, 1954 OTHER REFERENCES Weissberger: Abstract from 0.6., vol. 652, pp. 289-290, November 6, 1951. 

1. A COMPOSITION FOR DYEING ANIMAL FIBRES WHICH COMPRISES AN ALKALINE SOLUTION OF A NITRO PHENYLENEDIAMINE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF 2-NITRO1,4-PHENYLENEDIAMINE AND 4-NITRO-1,2-PHENYLENEDIAMINE IN WHICH THE AMINO GROUP FURTHEST FROM THE NITRO GROUP IS A GROUP HAVING THE FORMULA 